按照连词的构成分类:
1,简单连词
And和,or或者,but但是,if如果,because因为,until/till直到
1,关联连词
Both...and..., not...but..., not only...but also..., so/such...that如此...以致
2,短语连词
So that为了,以致, as if/as though好像 even of/even though即使 as long as只要 in case以防万一 as soon as一...就...
·按照性质分类:
1,并列连词
and和, or或者, but但是, for因为, not only...but also...不仅...而且... both...and... neither... nor..., either...or...要么...要么..., not...but...不是...而是...
2,从属连词
That, whether是否, if是否, unless除非, until/till直到, when当...时, before在...之前, after在...之后, since自从...以来, because因为, although/though虽然, as if/as though好像, as long as只要, once一旦, as soon as一...就... even if/even though即使, so that为了
并列连词:
·and的用法
1,可用来链接两个或两个以上的单词,短语或句子,表顺承关系
My brother and I study in the same school / Suddenly,the clouds cleared and the rain stopped./He
Can’t read or write(肯定变否定,and要变or)/He got up,washed his face,had breakfast and rushed to school
2,在“祈使句+and+陈述句”中表递进,顺城,意为“就,从而”的意思
Love others,and you will be loved/ Ask,and you will receive;seek,and you will find
·关联连词both...and...等的用法
Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow(链接主语,谓语动词用复数)
He can both swim and skate(链接谓语)
He lost both his girlfriend and his show(链接宾语)
Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to us(链接主语,谓语就近原则,强调后者)
The students as well as the teacher give the money to us(链接主语,谓语就as well as前的主语一致,强调前者)
Neither he nor I am right(链接主语,谓语就近原则)
·表转折关系(but,yet,while)
The car is very old but it rus very fast
The problem was a little hard,yet I was able to work it out
The winter of Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm
I love strong tea while my father loves coffee(while表转折往往链接内容和结构对称的句子)
·表选择关系(or,either...or)
Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?
Do you go to school by bus or by foot?
Either he or I am right
注意:or有时表“否则”,用于“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,祈使句表一个否定的条件,陈述句表结果
Hurry up,or you will be late
Don't break the rules,or you may be punished
·表因果关系(主要有for)
The flowers are coming out,for it is spring now
从属连词:通常引导一个从句,修饰主句,一般分为两类:引导名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)和引导状语从句。
·引导名词性从句的从属连词:
I don't think that we should stay another week(引宾语从句)
Whether he'll come or not is unknown(引主语从句)
The result is that she won the girl's 400 meters race(表语从句)
·引导状语从句的从属连词
1,引导时间状语从句(when,while,as,after,before,until,till,since,as soon as等)
When you came in,I was talking with a few boys
It started to rain while we were playing outdoors
They laughed as they walked down the river
After you finish this form,come to my office
Don't hand in your papers before you are sure there are no mistakes
Wait here until/till I come
I have lived in England since I was three
As soon as you feel sick,go to see a doctor
2,引导地点状语从句(where,wherever等)
I live where there are mountains
Wherever you go,whatever you do,I will be right here waiting for you
3,引导原因状语从句(because,since,as等)
We'll have to go to bed early because we'll start off early tomorrow
Since you know all about it,tell me please
As all the seats were taken,I had to stand
注意:because和so不能同时使用
4,引导条件状语从句if,unless,as long as等
if you wish to go,please go
We won't finish the work in time unless we work hard
You can go out as long as you stay in the backyard
5,引导目的状语从句
In order that/so that we can arrive there on time,we should take a taxi
He played the piano very gently in order that/so that the baby could not be woken up
6,引导让步状语从句although,though,even if,even though
He went to school although/though he was ill
Even if/Even though we got a local guide,we still had some difficulty walking through the bush
注意:though/although不能与but连用,但可与still,yet连用
7,引导结果状语从句
He was so careless that he forgot to write his name on the paper
Changde is such a beautiful city that a great many people go there for holidays
The teacher explained very clearly so that we all understood
8,引导比较状语从句
China has a larger population than Russia(does)
He speak English as well as Americans(do)
Some people think that planes now are not so/as safe as trains(are)
9,引导方式状语从句
You should do as I do
He walked about as if/as though he had lost something