一.被动语态的时态:
1.一般现在时的被动语态: am /is/ are +动词的过去分词
2.一般过去时的被动语态: was /were +动词的过去分词
3.一般将来时的被动语态: will be +动词的过去分词
4.现在进行时的被动语态: am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词
5.现在完成时的被动语态: have /has +been +动词的过去分词
6.情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词
二.主动语态变被动语态的变法: 口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变 be done ,时不变,数格必须随被变。
1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
三.特殊情况的被动语态:
1.带双宾语的被动语态: 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .
2).buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb
He gave me a book I ______ ______ a book by him.
A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .
My mother made me a cake .
I ____ _____ a cake by my mother A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .
2.带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态:动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀:感使动词真叫怪,to 来 to 去记心怀,主动语态 to 离去,被动语态 to 回来。
动词:make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth
The boss made the workers work all day The workers ____ ____ ____ work all day by the boss.
3.在 see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时,doing 不变。
I heard Tom singing just now Tom _____ _____ _____ by me just now .
4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
We should take care of the old .
The old should ______ _____ _____ _____ .
四.注意事项:
1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态: last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine ,
2.不及物动词是没有被动语态: happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳)
3.系动词是没有被动语态: Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste …. The dish tastes good .
4.有些词组没有被动语态: sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of skirt sells well.
5.need 表示需要时,后面常接 doing 形式表示被动意义,相当于 to be done .
All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need _____ _____ _____ .
6.在 too…to…及 enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。
The problem is too difficult to solve.