反义疑问句
1、 反义疑问句的构成
基本结构:“陈述句+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语?”
基本规则:前肯后否。前否后肯
注意:
(1) 主语是代词的形式(陈述句部分有,就直接用,没有就转换为代词再用)
(2) 前面陈述句有助动词/情态动词/系动词就直接用,没有就从谓语动词提取出来用。
(3) 前面的陈述句部分含有否定意义的词直接看作否定句
如:
They didn’t clean the classroom yesterday, did they?
John doesn’t like tea, does he?
Li lei gets up at six in the morning, doesn’t he?
There’s little water in the morning doesn’t he?
She had her clothes washed, didn’t she?
She had washed he clothes, hadn’t she?
2、 一些特殊句式的反义疑问句
(1) 陈述句是 I am…结构,反义疑问句用 aren’t I
如: I’m right aren’t I ?
I’m late, am I not ?
(2) 陈述句的主语是不定代词,如果表示物的,反义问句的主语it,谓
语动词用单数,如果表示人的,反意问句的主语课用they,也可用
he,助动词相应的单复数形式
如:
Nothing is serious,is it?
No one was hurt, were they?
Everybody knows what I said don’t they?
Everyone knows his job, doesn’t he?
(3) 陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that时,疑问句的主语用it,助动
词用单数,如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these,those,则疑问句的主语用they,助动词复数形式
如:
They is very important, isn’t it?
Those are cups, aren’t they?
(4) 如果是陈述部分以不定代词one作主语,正式场合用one,非正式场合用you。
如:
One can‘t be too careful, can one(you)?
(5) 陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式或动名词时,疑问部分的主语用it,谓语用单数,
如:
What you said is wrong, isn’t it?
To learn English well isn’t easy, is it?
(6) 陈述句中的谓语动词是there be,后边的疑问部分也用be not there?形式。
如:
There is an apple on the table, isn’t there?
There are some trees on the island,aren’t there?
(7) 陈述句谓语动词是wish,征求意见时,反意问句用may I ,
如:
I wish to have another piece of cake,may I ?
I wish to go home now, may I ?
陈述句谓语动词是would rather 时,反意问句用wouldn’t +主…?
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn’t he?
(8) 陈述句句中有
Hardly、 seldom,、rarely、no、nothing、never、little、few、
nobody、nowhere、barely、neither、too…to等表示否定意义
的词时,反意问句用肯定形式,
如:
They never like the novel, do they?
We seldom go to the bar, do we?
You will never forget it, will you?
There is nothing on the table, is there?
She has few friends, does she?
(9) 如果陈述句中的否定式仅带有否定词缀(前缀后缀)则将其看成
肯定句,反意问句一般仍用否定形式,
如:
He dislike his father,doesn’t he?
He is unfit for his job, isn’t he?
That’s unfair, isn’t it?
(10) 陈述句中的谓语动词为have/has/had to 时,反义疑问句用don’t/
Doesn’t
如:
He has to get up at four tomorrow , doesn’t he?
They had to leave early, didn’t they?
(11) 陈述句中的谓语动词为used to 时,疑问部分的谓语动词有两种形式
usedn’t/didn’t+主
He used to live in London, usedn’t he/didn’t he?
There used to be a cinema here before the war,usedn’t there/didn’t
there?
(12) 陈述句中的谓语动词是 ought to,则疑问部分的谓语动词用oughtn’t
/shouldn’t+主。Not可以放到主语后面。
如:
He ought to be punished, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?
He ought not to be punished, ought/should he?
We ought to go, ought we not?
We ought to go, should we not?
(13) 当陈述部分有dare或need时,若为实义动词,疑问部分用do类助动词相应形式,若为情态动词,疑问部分用直接用某相应形式
如:
We need to do it,don’t we?
You daren’t go there, dare you?
(14) 含有情态动词must的句子
①若陈述句中强调对现在的情况的推测(must be),疑问部分用
Isn’t/aren’t+主?
You must be tired, aren’t you?
②陈述句中谓语动词是must have+过去分词,
若表示对过去情况的推测(有过去的时间状语)疑问部分的谓语
动词用didn’t+主
He must have met her yesterday, didn’t he?
若强调动作的完成(没有过去时间状语),疑问部分的谓语动词用
Haven’t/hasn’t+主
You must have seen the film,haven’t you?
即:must have done所在的陈述句有过去时间状语用didn’t+主?
没有过去时间状语用haven’t+主
※can’t have done 同样
③若陈述部分的must表示“有必要”时,附加疑问句的部分则用
needn’t+主?
You must go home right now,needn’t you?
④当mustn’t表示禁止时,附加疑问部分一般用may+主,
如:
You mustn’t walk on grass,may you?
(15) 祈使句的反义疑问句,用will you就可以了。如果前面的祈使句
是肯定句还可以用won’t you
Be quiet please, won’t/will you?
Give me a hand, will/won’t you?
Don’t talk any more, will you?
(16) Let’s 开头的祈使句强调对象是我们,反义疑问句用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句强调对象是你/对方,反义疑问句用will you?
Let us go, will you?
Let’s go, shall we?
(17) 主从复合句的反意问句
常见句型:
I/sb think(expect、suppose、believe、suspect、imagine)+宾语从句,…
①主语是第二、三人称时,反意问句要根据主句来决定
②主语是第一人称时,反意问句要根据从句来决定
还要注意是否转移
He said that we were happy,didn’t he?
I suppose he is serious, isn’t he?
I think you are right, aren’t you?
I don’t think you are right, are you?
(18) 并列句的反义疑问句