① kind作名词用时,表示种类,比较下面的结构:
a kind of+单数名词(不加冠词)→一种
this kind of+单数名词(不加冠词)→这种
many kinds of+(不加冠词)→许多种
different kinds of+(不加冠词)→不同种类
these kinds of+(不加冠词)→这些种类
all kinds of (不加冠词)→各种
This is a new kind of pen. 这是一种新型钢笔。
This is a new kind of pens.
I like that kind of apple. 我喜欢那种苹果。
I like that kind of an apple.
He saw many kinds of machine. 他见到了许多种机器。
He saw many kinds of machines.
He wants to buy different kinds of stamp. 他想买不同种类的邮票。
He wants to buy different kinds of stamps.
She lent me three kinds of book. 她借给我三种书。
She lent me three kinds of books.
He has read all kinds of story-book. 他读过各种各样的故事书。
He has read all kinds of story-books.
比较
This kind of book is worth reading. 这种书值得读。(一种)
These kinds of books are worth reading. 这些种类的书值得读。(多种)
What kind of book is it?它是什么种类的书?
What kind of books are these?这些是什么种类的书?(注意,在what kind of结构中,kind一般不加s)
② many kinds of,different kinds of,these kinds of和all kinds of修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
Many kinds of shoes are on show in the shop. 商店里展出了许多种类的鞋。
There are all kinds of trees along the lake. 沿湖有各种各样的树。
③ a kind of+名词结构中,形容词通常修饰kind,修饰名词的情况偶尔也有,但不自然。
比较
That is a strange kind of animal. 那是一种奇怪的动物。
That is a kind of strange animal.(不自然)
提示
据语言学家Quirk所著《综合英语语法》,下面两种说法均正确:
一杯热咖啡
a hot cup of coffee
a cup of hot coffee
一群忙忙碌碌的蜜蜂
a busy swarm of bees
a swarm of busy bees
④ sort也可表示“种类”,多用于口语,常可同kind换用。但sort多指大体相同的人或物,而kind多指在本质和特点上相同的人或物。
This sort/kind of shirt is cheaper. 这种衬衫便宜一些。
提示
在these sort of things,what sort of pens中,sort要用单数。
What sort of pens do you want? 你要哪种钢笔?
What sorts of pens do you want?
⑤
比较
What kind of animal is it?这是什么动物?(问种类)
What kind of an animal is it?这个动物怎样?(问优劣,特点等)
提示
“kind of a+单数名词”表示“怎样一种”。
I don't know what kind of a man he is. 我不知道他是怎样一个人。
What kind of a job are you going to take?你要做什么样的工作?
He has some sort of an English accent. 他说话略带英国口音。
⑥ kind of和sort of可以用作状语,表示“有点”,修饰形容词、副词或动词。
He is kind of tired. 他有点累了。
I feel sort of worried about her. 我有点为她担心。
I sort of believe it. 我有点相信这件事。
⑦ a sort of和of a sort表示“可以说是……的人、物”,暗示名不符实。
He is a sort of professor. 他也算是个教授吧。(=a professor of a sort)