总体区别：
1、词性：
weather可作名词、动词、形容词；
climate只有名词词性。
2、词义：
weather用于表示天气、气象，指某地某天的具体天气情况，如阴晴、降水、气温、风力、风向等。；
climate主要是表示气候、风气，氛围。指某一地区总的气候情况，如干旱、湿润、温度、凉爽等。
3、用法：
weather用来表示某个地区的天气情况；而climate表示某个地区的气候状况。表示天气的时候、时间性不一样：weather（天气）则指某特定日子的天气情况；而climate（气候）指一个地方长期的较为固定的气候状态
4、侧重点：
weather侧重表示天气（如阴晴、降水、气温）；而climate侧重于表示某地的气候（如干旱、湿润、温度）。
weather含义
1、作名词的时候，表示：天气、气象；气象预报；恶劣天气，刮风（天气），暴雨（天气）; 潮湿的冷空气；
2、作动词的时候，表示：
（因受风吹、日晒、雨淋等，使）退色，变色，变形；经受住，平安地渡过（困难）; 航行到…的上风；安全绕过；使（屋面等）倾斜（以利排去雨水）; 风干，风化，受风蚀；经受风雨，耐久。
3、作形容词的时候，表示：
请看经典例句：
The weather was very kind to us.
天气非常宜人。
The weather was hot, without a breath of wind.
天气炎热，连一丝风都没有。
Let's hope we have good weather tomorrow.
希望明天是个好天。
The coast road is closed due to bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，滨海公路暂时封闭。
We can't count on the good weather lasting.
我们不能指望这样好的天气会持久。
You should go outdoors in such fine weather.
天气这么好，你真该到户外去走一走。
The weather was warm for the time of year.
在一年的这个时节这天气算是暖和的了。
I'm not going out in this weather!
这种天气我不会出门的！
We have fine weather today.
今天天气很好。
There's going to be a change in the weather.
天气将有变化。
The bad weather is causing problems for many farmers.
恶劣的天气给许多农民造成了困难。
The weather is very changeable at this time of year.
年年在这个时候天气都变化无常。
What was the weather like on your vacation?
你们去度假时天气怎么样？
Did you have good weather on your trip?
你旅途中天气好吗？
The bad weather added a further complication to our journey.
恶劣的天气给我们的旅行增加了更多的困难。
The bad weather notwithstanding, the event was a great success.
尽管天气恶劣，活动还是取得了巨大的成功。
The weather is very changeable at the moment.
现时天气变化无常。
We'll have the party outside, weather permitting (= if it doesn't rain) .
天气允许的话，我们就在室外举行这次聚会。
Her face was weathered by the sun.
她的脸晒黑了。
The company just managed to weather the recession.
这家公司勉强渡过了衰退期。
The company has weathered the recession.
这家公司从经济萧条中挺了过来。
She refuses to resign, intending to weather the storm (= wait until the situation improves again) .
她拒绝辞职，想要经受住这次风暴的考验。
Street committees keep a weather eye on the families in their district.
街道委员会留意所辖区域内的家家户户。（keep a weather eye on sb/sth对…随时留意；对…小心提防）
climate
一、含义
名词，含义是：气候；气候区；倾向；思潮；风气；环境气氛，氛围。气候指某一地区总的气候情况，如干旱、湿润、温度、凉爽等；另外要注意它的引申含义。
请看经典例句：
The area is famous for its very mild winter climate.
这个地区因冬季气候十分温和而著名。
The climate in this region is unwholesome.
这个地区的气候于健康不利。
This area of France has a pleasing climate in August.
法国的这一地区在8月份气候宜人。
The Nile Valley keeps a temperate climate throughout the year.
尼罗河流域一年四季气候温和。
He was not used to the local climate.
他不习惯当地的气候。
You'll soon get used to the climate here.
你会很快习惯这儿的气候的。
Climate change is still very much a subject for debate.
气候变化很大程度上仍是一个争论的话题。
These plants flourish in a damp climate.
这些植物在潮湿的气候下长势茂盛。
If climate changes continue, we will suffer the consequences.
如果气候变化继续下去，我们将自食其果。
We are trying to detect and understand how the climates change.
我们正努力探寻并理解气候是如何变化的。
The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.
这篇文章提出了一个解释气候变化的新理论。
The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants.
温暖的气候对多种热带植物生长有利。
Her health was adversely affected by the climate.
那种气候损害了她的健康。
Air-conditioning is an absolute necessity in this climate.
这样的气候绝对需要有空调。
These woollen suits are not designed for wear in hot climates.
这些毛料西服不是为炎热气候下穿着的。
I had deliberately picked a city with a tropical climate.
我特意选了一个热带气候的城市。
He wants to move to a warmer climate.
他想搬到一个气候较温暖的地方去住。
They wanted to move to a warmer climate.他们想迁移到气候较温暖的地区。
We need to create a climate in which business can prosper.我们需要创造一个有利于生意兴隆的环境气氛。
The economic climate remains uncertain.经济形势依然不确定。
economic climate.经济环境。
the present political climate
当前的政治气候
a climate of suspicion/violence
怀疑 / 暴力的风气
the current climate of opinion 目前的舆论倾向
The economic climate remains uncertain.
经济形势依然不确定。
This will not be possible in the changed economic climate.
这在经济气候已经改变的条件下是不可能的。
It is difficult to find work in the present economic climate.
在目前这种经济大气候下很难找到工作。
A fall in interest rates is a strong probability in the present economic climate.
在目前的经济形势下，降低利率大有可能。
In this economic climate new ideas were few and far between.
在这种经济环境下，新想法极为罕见。
The economic climate remains uncertain.
经济形势依然不确定。
Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate.
在目前的经济气候下，很少有企业兴旺发达。
A major change of political climate is not in prospect.
暂时还看不出政治面貌有可能发生巨变。
The climate of political confusion has only reinforced the country's economic decline.
政局混乱只加速了国家经济的衰退。
The religious climate at the time was uncongenial to new ideas.
当时的宗教气候容不得新思想。
In the present climate, owners are hanging on to old ships.
在目前的形势下，船东们都不愿淘汰掉旧船。