巧找非谓语动词的逻辑主语
非谓语动词不能作谓语，因此在语法上不能有主语，但由于它们表示的是动作，在意思上是可以有主语的，这个主语可称为逻辑上的主语(the Logical Sub-ject)。逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的主谓关系是我们选用非谓语动词的主动式还是被动式的依据，如果逻辑主语是动作的执行者，选用主动形式；如果是动作的承受者，则选用被动形式。
一、不定式的逻辑主语
1、在for引导的不定式复合结构中，介词的宾语是不定式的逻辑主语。 It is necessary for all of us to help each other.
For a worker's son to go to a university was something undreamed of before liberation.
I've got some picture books for you to look at. I've sent my coat away for it to be cleaned.
We think it possible for them to fulfil their production plan in a few weeks.
在“It's good(nice,kind, wrong)of you( them, him, her..)to do sth.”句型中，介词的宾语也是不定式的逻辑主语。例如:
It was careless of us to forget to lock the door It is very good of you,I'm sure, to take the trouble. How stupid of me to leave the map behind!
2、不定式在复合宾语中作宾补时，宾语是其逻辑主语。例如:We shouldn't allow such things to happen again.
I'll have someone repair it for you.
但在被动语态中，宾补变为主补，所以，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语。例如:They were made to work day and night.
3、不定式作宾语时，句子的主语是其逻辑主语。例如: He offered to help us.
She expected to be given a rise.
4、不定式作定语时，其所修饰的名词是其逻辑主语。例如:
A factory to produce plastics(-A factory which is to produce plastics) will be set up near the town.
Where are the exercise-books to be handed in (=... the exercise-books which are to be handed in)?
此外，不定式作定语时，它与所修饰的名词之间还有动宾关系、同位关系、动状关系等，这里不作叙述。(参见“动词不定式与被修饰词的逻辑关系”一文)
二、分词的逻辑主语
1、分词作状语时，句子的主语是其逻辑主语。
Seeing from the hill, we will find the park is very beautiful(- When we see it from the hill, the park is very beautiful).
Seen from the hill, the park is very beautiful.
2、分词作定语时，其所修饰的名词是其逻辑主语。例如:
Crusoe lit a fire and from it took a burning stick(=... the stick which was burning).
The trees being planted (= The trees which are being planted) are apple trees.
The trees planted last year(=The trees which were planted last year) grow well.
There were a lot of bos playing football(-There were a lot of boys who were playing football).
3、分词作宾补时，宾语是其逻辑主语；作主补时，主语是其逻辑主语。例如: Do you hear someone knocking at the door?
You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere. He once heard the song sung in German. She was never heard singing the song again. The door was seen opened.
4、分词在独立主格结构中，该结构的名词或代词是分词的逻辑主语。例如: His mother being ill, he had to look after her at home.
Water changed into a solid, we call it ice.
5、分词在“with+复合宾语”结构中，介词的宾语是其逻辑主语。例例如: With the temperature falling rapidly, they couldn't go on with the test. We began new investigation with this experiment completed.
三、动名词的逻辑主语
1、动名词在复合结构中，物主代词或名词所有格是其逻辑主语。例如: Mary's coming late(- That Mary came late) made her mother very angry. His having made such a mistake (=That he has made such a mistake) is a pity.
Her being chosen(=That she was chosen) made us very happy.
The question is their having to face a lot of difficulties(= that they have to face a lot of difficulties).
We agreed to your doing the test
在口语中，如不在句首，代词宾格、名词普通格可分别代替物主代词和名词所有格作逻辑主语。
Do you mind me( my)smoking here? I remember Wei Fang( Wei Fang's) going there.
2、动名词作宾语或介词宾语时，句子的主语是其逻辑主语。例如: Jane started working hard to improve her English.
I remember being taken to Shanghai at the age of ten. He was afraid of being beaten.
I am sorry for having hurt you.
在祈使句中，宾语是动名词的逻辑主语。例如: Excuse me for interrupting you.
Thank you for helping us.
Exercise：
给下列各题选出一个最佳答案。
1. It's wise _______him to do that.
A for B. of C.to
2. It is impossible_____ him to catch the early train. A .of B. for C. to D.in
3. We are longing__________
A the new year to come
B. of the new year to come
C. for the new year to come
D. for the new year coming
4. They built a house __________.
A of the things to put in
B. of the things to be put in
C. for the things to put in
D.for the things to be put in
5. The bell ______the end of the period rang, our heated discussion.
A .indicating;interrupting
B. indicated;interrupting
C. indicating;interrupted
D. indicated; interrupted
6.I can hardly imagine Peter ________
across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A.sail B. to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed
7.I would appreciate ________back this afternoon.
A.you to call. B.you call
C.Your calling D.you arecalling
1B 2B 3C 4C 5A 6C 7C 第7题还可以写成 I'd appreciate it if you call back this afternoon.