现对不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别作分析秒杀”，希望能给大家提供一些实用性帮助。
1、不定式作表语
1)不定式作表语一般表示具体或特定的动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
Our plan is to finish the work next week.
我们的计划是下个星期完成这项工作。
You will have to work hard if you are to succeed.
要想有所作为，你必须苦干。
The time has come for action if these beautiful animals are to survive.
若要使这些美丽的动物能生存下去，现在就要行动起来。
You are to report this to the police.
你应该报警。
We are here to provide the public with a service.
我们来这里是为公众服务。
They are to be married in June.
他们计划于六月份结婚。
Other less profitable services are to be axed later this year.
其他盈利较少的服务项目预定今年稍晚将大量削减。
His efforts to improve the situation are to be applauded.
他为改善状况所作的努力应该受到赞许。
The only thing I could do was to leave.
当时我所能做的唯一一件事就是离开。
She was to regret her words before the day was out.
她到不了天黑就会为自己说的话后悔。
She was to be here at 8.30 but she didn't arrive.
她应该在8:30到这里，但是没有到。
Driver fatigue was to blame for the accident.
这个事故是驾驶员疲劳所致。
Which driver was to blame for the accident?
哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者？
This advice was to prove valuable.
这忠告证明是有益的。
He was to regret that decision for the rest of his life.
他终生都将后悔作出了那一决定。
Her first impulse was to run away.
她的第一个念头就是逃走。
His aim was to unite Italy.
他的目标是统一意大利。
He was to address a public assembly on the issue.
他要对公众集会发表演说谈论这个问题。
The project is to go ahead following renewed promises of aid from the UN.
在得到联合国重申提供帮助的承诺以后，这个项目将着手进行。
Their purpose is to adjudicate disputes between employers and employees.
他们的目的是裁决雇主与雇员之间的纠纷。
A local firm is to be preferred.
选一家当地的公司更好。
The production process is to be streamlined.
生产流程还需改进。
The college is to invest$ 2 million in a new conference hall.
这所学院计划投入200万元建造新的会议大厅。
Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer.
她人生的唯一目标就是当游记作家。
The object is to educate people about road safety.
目的就是教育大众注意交通安全。
The first rule is to make eye contact with your interviewer.
首先是眼睛要直视面试官。
The aim is to reduce traffic at peak periods.
目的是缓解高峰期间的交通状况。
The only course of action left to me was to notify her employer.
我可能采取的唯一措施就是通知她的雇主。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
No student is to leave the room.
学生一律不许离开这房间。
His first act as leader was to purge the party of extremists.
他当上领导的第一件事就是清除党内的极端分子。
If we were to offer you more money, would you stay?
假如我们给你加钱，你愿意留下吗？
In general, the changes they had made were to be welcomed.
总的来说，他们所作的这些变动都会被欣然接受。
The photographs were to be included in his as yet unwritten autobiography.
这些照片准备要收入他那尚未写的自传。
2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
反之也然：
Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
The government's first duty is to defend the currency by stamping on inflation.
政府的首要职责就是通过抑制通货膨胀来保持货币稳定。
Our duty is to hold ourselves responsible to the people.
我们的责任，是向人民负责。
My duty is to look after the animals.
我的责任就是照看这些动物。
The idea is to encourage people to get to know their neighbours.
其目的是促使人们结识邻居。
The idea is to spread social democracy and economics outwards from Europe.
其目的是将欧洲的社会民主与经济制度传播到世界各地。
The idea is to divide up the country into four sectors
该主张是将国家分成4个防区。
The idea is to get the jump on him.
想法是要胜过他。
The latest big idea is to make women more interested in sport.
最近的流行思想是促进妇女对体育的兴趣。
2、当动词所表达的动作是指经常性的活动时，既可以用动名词作表语，也可以用不定式作表语。
Students' tasks are studying/to study.学生的任务是学习。
Today's tasks for students are to read学生们今天的任务是朗读。
My hobby is collecting stamps.
我的业余爱好是收集邮票。
Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。
My job was to chase up late replies.
我的工作是催促迟迟不送回来的答复。
Her job was to drum up business.
她的工作是提高营业额。
My instinctive reaction was to deny everything.
我的本能反应是否认一切。
His only way of dealing with his problems was to go out and get drunk.
他解决烦心事的唯一办法就是出去喝个烂醉。
My natural inclination is to find a compromise.
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我生性易于妥协。
The principal effect of the demand for new houses was to inflate prices.
对新住宅需求的主要结果是促使价格上涨。
Her mission in life was to work with the homeless.
她以帮助无家可归者为己任。
My favourite pastime is reading.我最喜欢的消遣是读书。
To know everything is to know nothing.
样样通，样样松。
Her philosophy of life is to take every opportunity that presents itself.
她的处世态度是不放过任何呈现眼前的机会。
We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.
我们认为，明智的做法是等待。
The college's aim is to help students achieve their aspirations.
大学的目标是帮助学生实现他们的抱负。
The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.
俱乐部的宗旨是促进团体内部的关系。
Their overriding aim was to keep costs low.
他们的首要目标是维持低成本。
The first law of kung fu is to defend yourself.
功夫的首要原则是自卫。
Our priority is to educate people about the dangers of drugs.
我们首先要考虑的是教育人民，使他们认识毒品的危险。
All you've achieved is to upset my parents.
你唯一做到的就是使我的父母难过。
3、分词作表语
分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、的“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、的“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有：
encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的
surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的
worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的
interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的
exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的
delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的
Traveling is interesting but tiring.
旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.
如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing.
他的论点很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news.
听到这个消息，他们非常激动。