某些表示意愿期望的动词，如hope, expect, had better，plan, mean, intend, suppose, think, want等在一般现在时之后的动词不定式的完成式，表示其动作在谓语动词所表达的动作之后完成。如：
He expects/ hopes to have finished by June.
相当于：
He expects/ hopes that he will have finished by June.
他预料/希望六月之前完成。
I hope to have finished by now.
我希望现在干完。
By 2028, she hopes to have opened a branch overseas.
她希望在2028年之前在海外开一家分店。
He expects to have written it tomorrow morning.
他估计明天早上可以写好。
You had better have finished by tomorrow.
你最好明天前完成。