1.insist on（坚持、坚决要求、坚称、强调、执意要） - 强调对某个观点、想法或行动的坚定要求，通常用于表达不接受拒绝或反对的情况。例如：
The girl always insists on/upon doing morning exercises every day.
这个女孩子总是坚称要进行每日体育锻炼。
The young girl insisted on listening to the life story of her grandmother.
那个年轻的女孩坚持要听祖母一生的经历。
The manager insists on all his employees coming to the picnic.
经理坚持要求所有员工都参加野餐。
She insists on all her employees coming to the Christmas lunch she gives every year
她坚持要求所有员工都参加她每年一次的圣诞午餐。
She insists on diverting to a village close to the airport
她坚持（要）改道去机场附近的一个村庄。
She insists on going to swim.
她执意要去游泳。
They insist on tastier chocolate than the anaemic British stuff.
他们坚持要比淡而无味的英国货味道更好的巧克力。
They insist on sticking to the letter of the law.
他们坚持严守法律的字面意义。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
I insist on paying for the damage.
我坚持要赔偿损失。
If you insist on leaving now, please go ahead.
你一定要走，那就请便吧。
He's a first-class dolt who insists on doing things his way.
他一意孤行，真是蠢透了。
We insisted on a refund of the full amount.
我们坚持要求全额退款。
He insisted on his innocence.
他坚持说他是无辜的。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Crippen insisted on his innocence.
克里平坚称自己是无辜的。
She insisted on her innocence.
她坚称自己无罪。
They insisted on the immediate surrender of all weapons.
他们坚持要求立即交出全部武器。
He insisted on telling us all the gory details about their divorce.
他坚持要给我们讲他们离婚的种种细节。
She insisted on being present at all the interviews
她坚持（要求）所有采访自己都要在场。
Jennifer insisted on her own room
珍妮弗坚持（要求）要有自己的房间。
My mother insisted on naming me Horace.
我母亲坚持给我取名叫霍勒斯。
His privileged bourgeois family insisted on a good education.
他那优越的资产阶级家庭坚持让他接受良好的教育。
He insisted on having the agreement down in black and white.
他坚持要将协议用书面形式写下来。
They insisted on it that the motor should be repaired as soon as possible.
他们坚持电[发]动机应当尽快修理。
If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free.
如果人们坚持要摆脱独立的负担、卸下对公众利益的责任，他们也就没法追求自由了。
高考真题- 2015 江苏 阅读D
They insist on playing their music late at night.
已是深夜，他们却依然在放音乐。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
我认为上句应该译为：他们坚持要在深夜里依然放音乐。
2.persist in（固执地继续） 表示即使面对困难或反对，仍然继续做某事的行为。这个短语着重于行动的持续性，而不一定是成功的保证。（从经典例句看，多指坚持做持续做一些不好的事；多指不好的情况持续存在）,常常译为：顽强地坚持；执著地做；例如：
If you persist in talking this attitude, we’ll have to ask you to leave.
如果你坚持用这种态度谈话，我们就不得不请你离开了。
If you persist in breaking the law you will go to prison.
如果你坚持犯法，你就会进监狱。
Why does Britain persist in running down its defence forces?
为什么英国要坚持消减其军事防御力量？
She persisted in going her own way, although I asked her not to.
虽然我劝阻她，她还是愣干。
She persisted in her search for the truth.
她执著地追求真理。
He persisted in his refusal to apologize.
他坚持不道歉。
He persisted in his refusal to pay the money.
他坚持拒绝付钱。
He persists in reading in bed.
他偏要在床上看书。
Britons persist in treating any pay rise of less than 5% as a slap in the face.
英国人坚持认为加薪不到5%不啻于一种羞辱。
Why do you persist in blaming yourself for what happened?
你何必为已发生的事没完没了地自责？
Mr Straw issued a stern warning to those who persist in violence
斯特劳先生向那些坚持进行暴力活动的人发出了严正警告。
Politicians persist in imagining that 'the people' warm to their cheesy slogans.
政客们还在想象着“人民”对他们的空洞口号会越来越感兴趣呢。
The broad working masses were undaunted, and persisted in their struggle with the result that the Qing government did not dare to conclude a new treaty with the imperialists.
广大劳动人民坚持不懈地进行斗争，终于迫使清政府不敢公然和帝国主义续订新约。
Under new situations and circumstances, some people persist in handling matter according to past experience and old habits.
在新形势下，有些人仍然在穿新鞋，走老路。
He persisted with his questioning.
他问个不停。
She persisted with her experiment despite the lack of money.
尽管缺少资金，她还是坚持自己的实验。
3.stick to（坚持不懈） 强调一贯地遵循或忠于某事，通常用于习惯、计划、原则等方面。例如：
The girl always sticks to doing morning exercises every day.
这个女孩子总是坚持每天锻炼身体。
They insist on sticking to the letter of the law.
他们坚持严守法律的字面意义。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
4. continue v. 继续，延续
既可指没有间断地持续发生、存在或进行，又可指中断后再继续。
Home prices continued to fall during April.
房价在4月份继续下跌。
She will continue her research after the birth of her baby.
生完孩子之后她将继续研究工作。
I hope they continue to fight for equal justice after I'm gone.
我希望我走了以后他们能继续为司法公正而战。
He insisted that the conflict would continue until conditions were met for a ceasefire.
他坚持认为除非满足停火条件，否则冲突会继续下去。
She wanted to continue working until she was 60.
她想要继续工作到 60 岁。
He continued to ignore everything I was saying.
他仍对我所说的一切置若罔闻。
[动词+带to的不定式] The rain continued to fall all afternoon.
这场雨整整一下午都下个不停。
[动词+-ing短语] The rain continued falling all afternoon.
这场雨整整一下午都下个不停。
5.last v. 继续存在，持续
指持续一段时间；也指长时间存在、有效或保持良好的状态。
The cold weather lasted for the whole month of February.
寒冷的天气持续了整个2月。
A pair of good jeans will last you ten years.
一条好的牛仔裤可以穿10年。
6. endure v. [正式] 持续，持久
指长期持续存在。
He can't endure being defeated.
他无法忍受失败。
Their friendship endured over many years.
他们的友谊保持了很多年。
She thinks that his career is a success that will endure.
她认为他的事业将会持续成功。
Somehow the language endures and continues to survive.
那种语言以某种方式保存下来，并继续存在下去。
Only Marilyn has proved as enduring a fashion icon.
只有玛丽莲是常青的时尚偶像。
His most enduring quality is his childlike innocence
他最具持久魅力的特质就是他那孩子般的天真无邪。
[动词+-ing短语, 动词+带to的不定式]
He can't endure being defeated.
他无法忍受失败。
He can't endure to be defeated.
他无法忍受失败。
7.persevere in（不屈不挠地继续） 类似于“persist in”，但更强调长期努力和对抗挑战的决心。这个短语通常用于描述长期而艰难的努力。
persevere (in sth/in doing sth) | persevere (with sth/sb) 坚持；孜孜以求
to continue trying to do or achieve sth despite difficulties
Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon
虽屡遭挫折，他们仍不断尝试乘气球环游世界。
She persevered with her violin lessons.
她孜孜不倦地学习小提琴。
You have to persevere with difficult students.
对难教的学生你必须坚持诲人不倦的精神。
They are determined to persevere in the fight.
他们决心坚持战斗。
She persevered in her idea despite obvious objections raised by friends.
虽然朋友们明确反对，她还是坚持己见。
They will only triumph by persevering in their struggle against natural calamities.
他们只有坚持与自然灾害搏斗，才能取得胜利。
8.hold on to（紧紧抓住） - 通常指心理上的坚持，如坚持信念或希望。这可以用于描述在困难中保持乐观或维持一种信念。
坚持（信仰、信念、原则等）
If you hold on to your beliefs, ideas, or principles, you continue to believe in them and do not change or abandon them if others try to influence you or if circumstances cause you to doubt them.
He was imprisoned for 19 years yet held on to his belief in his people.
他在监狱里被关了19年，但依然对人民充满信心。
We've held on to this workday structure — but thanks to our digital devices, many employees never really clock out.
我们坚持这种工作日的结构——但是数字设备使许多员工从来没有真正下班过。
六级真题- 2016年 12月 3卷 信息匹配
9.cling to（紧抓不放）有时带有负面含义，指过分依赖或固执地坚持旧有的观念或习惯，通常是在应当放手时仍旧抓住不放。
If you cling to an idea or way of behaving, you continue to believe in its value or importance, even though it may no longer be valid or useful.
墨守，坚持(观念或行为方式)
cling to sth
cling on to sth
不愿放弃；坚持
to be unwilling to get rid of sth, or stop doing sth
They know scholars reject their legend, but they still cling to their belief
尽管知道学者们不相信他们的传说，他们还是坚持自己的信仰。
Throughout the trial she had clung to the belief that he was innocent.
在整个审判中，她都坚持相信他是清白的。
He had one last hope to cling on to.
他还抱着最后的一线希望。
She managed to cling on to life for another couple of years.
她顽强地又活了几年。
They cling to the doctrine that high wages cause unemployment.
他们坚持高工资导致失业的信条。
The Prime Minister clung to his job like a limpet, despite calls for him to resign.
首相不顾有人要求他辞职，死赖在他的职位上不下台。
He had clung to the remembrance of things past.
他沉湎于过去的记忆。
10.keep up 坚持原来的事情
If you keep something up, you continue to do it or provide it.
She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption.
她坚持锻炼，多年来从未间断。
I was so hungry all the time that I could not keep the diet up for longer than a month...
我无时无刻都觉得饿，节食坚持不到一个月就放弃了。
There are fears that he will not be able to keep it up when he gets to the particularly demanding third year
有人担心他到了要求极其严格的第3年时会坚持不下去。
I enjoy our friendship and try to keep it up.
We kept up a correspondence for many years.
我们保持了很多年的通信联系。
She was unable to keep up the pretence that she loved him.
她无法继续假装爱他了。
They were unable to keep up the instalments.
他们未能继续按时交付这笔分期付款。
If you don't keep up payments you could be evicted.
如果不继续交费，你会被赶出去。
They risk losing their homes because they can no longer keep up the repayments.
因为无力继续偿还借款，他们面临无家可归的危险。
If homeowners can't keep up the payments, they face foreclosure
业主如果未能继续按时交房贷，就会面临丧失抵押品赎回权的危险。
They risk losing their homes because they can no longer keep up the repayments.
因为无力继续偿还借款，他们面临无家可归的危险.
11.stay on 坚持，指坚持留下了继续的意思，有时相当于keep up
（在别人都已离开或自己打算离开时）继续留下
Giving up is easy,but staying on（keeping up） is difficult.
放弃很容易，但是坚持却很难。
He had managed to arrange to stay on in Adelaide.
他已设法安排好在阿德莱德继续呆下去。
He expects me to stay on here and I can hardly refuse.
他希望我继续留在这里，我很难拒绝。
So few teenage Britons stay on at school, compared with the rest of Europe
和欧洲其他国家相比，英国留在学校继续学习的青少年寥寥无几。
Stay on the left-hand pavement to follow a road downhill round a curve
继续顺着左边的人行道拐一个弯，然后沿路下山。
If I am made chairman, I hope Simon will stay on as my trusted lieutenant.
如果我当主席，我希望西蒙作为我信赖的副官，继续留在我的身边。
Though taking care of her grandmother takes her lots of energy, Sally has tried to stay on top of all her courses.
虽然照顾她祖母占据了她太多精力，但萨利仍然努力在所有科目上名列前茅。
How does he stay on top, 17 years after becoming foreign minister?
他是怎样在成为外交大臣以后的17年间保住最高职位的？