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The applicants interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers.
被面试过的申请人应当携带所必须的一切文件。
The applicants being interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers.
正在被面试的申请人应当携带所必须的一切文件。
The applicants to be interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers.
待面试的申请人应当携带所必须的一切文件。
认真分析以上例句得知过去分词、现在分词和不定式作定语的区别如下:
1.过去分词作定语表示动作在说话时已经完成;
The damaged bike was sent to the repairman.
那两损坏的自行车已经送修理人了。
The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
地上满是落叶。
he boy named Tom was hurt in the car accident.
名叫汤姆的男孩在汽车事故中受伤了。
2.现在分词做定语时表示动作在说话时正在进行中;
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The students running along the street are from No.3 Middle School.
沿着街道跑步的学生来自第三中学。
Tell the boys playing over there not to make any noise.
告诉那些在那儿玩的男孩别制造噪声。
The boy sitting by the window is Tom.
坐在窗户旁边的男孩是汤姆。
The topic being discussed at the moment is about music.
现在正在讨论的话题是关于音乐的。
动名词和现在分词都可以作定语,但有所区别。
(1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途,相当于for引导的介词短语。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.
阅览室里不准大声说话。
(2)现在分词作定语时,它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,表示所修饰词进行的动作,相当于一个定语从句。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
=The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
3.不定式做定语,表示动作在说话时的将来将要做(还没有做)
I have something to do this evening.
今晚我有许多事情要做。
If there's a lot of work to do. I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.(2008上海高考真题)
如果有很多工作要做。我很乐意继续做,直到完成。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(2014北京高考真题)
在我们准备在月球上长期停留之前,还有许多问题需要解决。
不定式被动态作定语,即表未来发生的事情,又表被动。这个是常考项目。
I’m looking for a room to live in.我正在找房子住。
特殊的,place, time, way后接不定式可以省去介词。
例如:It is a nice place to live.
例外:He is always the first person to come.
他总是第一个来的人。(关于the first ,the last ,the second ,the best等修饰的词后接不定式作定语时动作在谓语之前完成的理论研究前期有专门文章说明,欢迎前去查阅。)