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1.She asked him to leave, (and) so did I.(代词)
2. She asked him to leave, (and) so he did.(连词)
3. She asked him to leave.
So she did.(代词)
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译文如下:
1. 那时她要求过他离开,而且我也要求他离开。
2. 那时她要求过他离开,所以他离开了。
3. 那时她要求过他离开。
是的,她的确要求过。
1.主句的一种肯定的表述,其从句中主语(即第二个主语)也完全做了同样的事情或情况完全相同时,这个从句要用代词so引导,并采取部分倒装,并使用简略形式,须根据主句来判断从句中助动词的使用。若前句谓语是实意动词,则倒装结构中用助动词do的正确形式;若前句谓语动词含有be动词或have等助动词,则倒装结构中用be动词或助动词的正确形式;若前句用情态动词,则倒装结构中用情态动词的正确形式。如上述例句1,再如:
I like swimming, so does she.
我喜欢游泳。她也喜欢。
She succeeded,so did I。她成功了,我也成功了。
She is a good student,so am I.
她是一个好学生,我也是。
She has been there. So has her brother.
她去过那儿。她兄弟也去过那儿。
She will go to the park,so shall/will I.她将去公园,我也是。
如主句时否定句,则so要换成neither/nor,同样实行部分倒装:
I don’t like swimming, neither/nor does she.
我喜欢游泳。她也喜欢。
She succeeded,neither/nor did I。她成功了,我也成功了。
She is not a good student,neither/nor am I.
她不是一个好学生,我也不是。
She has not been there. Neither/Nor has her brother.
她没去过那儿。她兄弟也没去过那儿。
2. 主句的一种表述,从句对主句描述的情况加以支持或确认、强调等时(要点是从句的主语和主句的主语相同),这个从句不必采取部分倒装形式,并使用简略形式,须根据主句来判断从句中助动词等的使用。如例3。再如:
She asked him to leave.
So she did.
那时她要求过他离开。
是的,她的确要求过。
The keys are in the ignition.
So they are.
汽车钥匙插在点火器里。
是的,钥匙插在点火器里。
3. so用作连词,主要用于表结果,意为“所以”,从句不必倒装,如上述例句2的用法,再如:
The door was locked, so we couldn’t get in.
门上锁了,所以我们进不去。
I couldn’t have won, so I didn’t go in for the race.
我不可能获胜,因此我没参赛。
The play began at eight, so they must dine at seven.
戏八点开始,因此他们必须七点吃饭。
It was dark, so I couldn’t see what was happening.
天很黑,所以我看不见发生了什么事。
There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way. 恰好拐角处有一位警察,我就向他问路了。
He told me to do it and so I did it.
他叫我那么做,所以我就做了。
He worked hard and so he succeeded.
他勤奋工作,所以他取得了成功。
There was so much to eat and so few people to eat it.
有这么多东西可吃,而吃的人又这么少。
I forgot to post the letter, and so she never heard about my divorce.
我忘了寄那封信了,所以她一直不知道我离婚的事。
4.so作副词或形容词:
The ticket was so expensive that we couldn't attend the show.
So expensive was the ticket that we couldn't attend the show.
门票太贵了,我们看不了这演出。(部分倒装)
I ran so quickly that I won the race.
So quickly did I run that won the race.
我跑得非常快,结果赢得了比赛。(部分倒装)
The movie was so boring that I fell asleep.
So boring was the movie I fell asleep.
这部电影太无聊了,以至于我睡着了。(部分倒装)