初中英语之There be句型,虽然特殊却很常见!

2024-11-23 15:11 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:93人

01there be 句型基本认识

1、定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2、结构:

(1)There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.

(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.

注意事项:there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。


例如:

There is a bird in the tree.

树上有一只鸟。

There is a teacher and many students in ourclassroom.

我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。

There are two boysand a girl under the tree.

树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。

02there be 句型考点


考点一:各种句型转化。

1、变成否定

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,nota/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.


例如

There are some pictures on the wall.

→There aren't any pictures on the wall.

=There are no pictures on the wall.


There is a bike behind the tree.

→There isn't a bike behind the tree.

=There is no bike behind the tree.


2、变成一般疑问句

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。

例如

There is some water on Mars.

→ Is there any water on Mars?


There are some fish in the water.

→Are there any fish in the water?

3、特殊疑问句

对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导,当主语是物的时候,则用what引导。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。

例如

There are many things over there.

→What's over there?


There is a little girl in theroom.

→Who is in the room?


对地点状语提问:则用where 引导。

例如

There is a computer on the desk.

→ Where is the computer?


There are four children on the playground.

→Where are the four children?

对数量提问:般有两种句型结构:

How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?

How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?

考点二:there be 句型的时态。

be可以有现在时(there is/are)

过去时(there was/were)

将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)

完成时(there have/has been)

还可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等。

例如:

--There ___ a concert this evening.

--Yeah.Exciting news!

A. are going to be

B. is going to be

C. is going to have

D.will have

答案:B

考点三:there be 句型反意疑问句的构成:

be (not) there?

例如:

There is some milk in the bottle, ____?

A.isn't there    B.aren't there    C.isn't it    D.are there

答案:A

考点四:there be 句型的主谓一致:

There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。

例如

1.There___any rice in the bowl.

A. are B.is C. isn’t D. aren’t

2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.

A. have been    B.were    C. are    D.is

考点五:there be 句型用的其他动词:

there be 句型中有时不用动词be ,而用come , live ,stand , lie,seem to be , happen to be ,等。

例如:

There ____ a knife and a forkon the table. (2007黄冈)

A. seems to be    B. seem to be    C. is seeming to be    D. are

剖析:根据就近原则,首先排除B、D,而 there be 句型中有时不用动词be ,而用come , live ,stand , lie,seem to be等,所以答案应从A、C中选。感官动词一般不用进行时,故C也不正确。


注意事项:there be 句型与have句型的区别(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下:There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”,它表示所有、拥有关系。

例如:

He has two sons.

他有两个儿子。

There are two men in the office.

办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,Therebe 句型与其可互换。

例如:

A week has seven days.

=There are seven days in a week.

一个星期有七天。

03There be 句型其他用法

1、There be后接表示物的主语时,后面常接不定式作定语,不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。


例如

There is a lot of work to do.

有许多工作要做(工作被做)。

2、There be后接表示人或动物的主语时,后面常接V-ing形式作定语。

例如

There are some children playing downstairs.

几个孩子在楼下玩呢。

3、与其他词连用,构成复合谓语。

例如:

There may be a heavy rain this afternoon.

今天下午可能有一场大雨。

There used to be a cinema here before the war.

战前这里有一个电影院。

There happened to be a man walking by.

恰好有一个人从旁经过。

4、There be结构中的be根据所表达的句意需要,可用live, stand, remain等代替。

例如:

There seems[appears] something the matter with her.

她好像是出了什么事似的。

There existed different opinions on this issue.

对这个问题曾有不同看法。

例如:

There seems[appears] something the matter with her.

她好像是出了什么事似的。


There existed different opinions on this issue.

对这个问题曾有不同看法。


There remained just twenty-eight pounds.

只剩28英镑了。


5、There be结构的反意疑问句应与there be对应,而不是依据主语。


例如:

There is a radio on the table, isn’t there?

桌上有台收音机,是吗?


There aren’t any fish in the river, are there? 河里没有鱼,是吧?

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