中考英语必备各类非谓语动词用法详解

2024-10-18 13:20 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:49人

一、非谓语动词的概念

非谓语动词是指在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。

二、动词不定式

1. 形式:to + 动词原形。

2. 用法:

- 作主语:To learn English well is important.(学好英语很重要。)

- 作宾语:I want to go home.(我想回家。)

- 作宾语补足语:The teacher asked us to clean the classroom.(老师让我们打扫教室。)

- 作定语:I have a lot of work to do.(我有很多工作要做。)

- 作状语:I am glad to see you.(见到你我很高兴。)

三、动名词

1. 形式:动词原形 + -ing。

2. 用法:

- 作主语:Reading is a good habit.(阅读是一个好习惯。)

- 作宾语:I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。)

- 作表语:His hobby is collecting stamps.(他的爱好是集邮。)

四、现在分词

1. 形式:动词原形 + -ing。

2. 用法:

- 作表语:The book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。)

- 作定语:The smiling girl is my sister.(那个微笑的女孩是我的妹妹。)

- 作状语:She sat there, reading a book.(她坐在那里,读着一本书。)

五、过去分词

1. 形式:动词的过去分词形式。

2. 用法:

- 作表语:I am interested in English.(我对英语感兴趣。)

- 作定语:The broken window needs to be repaired.(那个破窗户需要修理。)

- 作状语:Given more time, I can finish the work.(如果给我更多的时间,我能完成这项工作。)

六、例句

1. 动词不定式:

- To see is to believe.(眼见为实。)

- He decided to study abroad.(他决定去国外学习。)

- The teacher told us not to be late.(老师告诉我们不要迟到。)

- I have a letter to write.(我有一封信要写。)

- She went to the library to borrow some books.(她去图书馆借一些书。)

2. 动名词:

- Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有益。)

- I like playing basketball.(我喜欢打篮球。)

- His job is teaching English.(他的工作是教英语。)

- She is fond of dancing.(她喜欢跳舞。)

- Reading aloud is a good way to learn English.(大声朗读是学习英语的好方法。)

3. 现在分词:

- The boy standing there is my brother.(站在那里的男孩是我的弟弟。)

- The dog is running after a cat.(狗在追一只猫。)

- She sat by the window, looking out.(她坐在窗边,向外看。)

- The children are playing happily in the park.(孩子们在公园里快乐地玩耍。)

- Hearing the news, she burst into tears.(听到这个消息,她突然哭了起来。)

4. 过去分词:

- The window broken by the boy has been repaired.(被那个男孩打破的窗户已经修好了。)

- I am interested in the book written by Lu Xun.(我对鲁迅写的书感兴趣。)

- Given enough time, we can finish the work.(如果给我们足够的时间,我们能完成这项工作。)

- The boy was frightened by the loud noise.(那个男孩被巨大的噪音吓着了。)

- The house built last year is very beautiful.(去年建的房子很漂亮。)

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