微技能一：根据具体时间状语判断谓语动词时态。
1. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.
答案：were used
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
2.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
答案：have started
解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。
3.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
答案：has established
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
4.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
4. has walked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
5.（2021新高考I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
5. was。考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。
微技能二：根据特定句型判断谓语动词时态。
6.（2022新高考II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
6. was fixing。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
7.（2022新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
7. threw。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。
8. ( 2014陕西) No sooner ________ Mo Yan ___________(step) on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
8. had, stepped。No sooner…than…是固定句型，表示“刚一……就”，主句常用过去完成时。故填had, stepped。
9. (2015江苏)If I __________________(not see) it with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it.
9. hadn’t seen。这里if引导虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。故填hadn’t seen。
10.（2023甘肃省兰州市一模）Close the door of fear behind you, and you ____________ (see) the door of faith open before you.
10. will see。这是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型，陈述句常用will do形式。故填will see。
微技能三：根据主从句照应判断谓语动词时态。
11.（2022浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
11. noticed。考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多•达•芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
12.（2023河南郑州一模）By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _________ (leave) for London to attend a meeting.
12.will have left。考查时态。句意：到简到家的时候，她阿姨已经去伦敦开会了。根据by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时可知，主句用将来时态。leave for London 这一动作在gets home这一动作发生之时已经完成，故用将来完成时。根据句意，故填will have left。
13.（2023届陕西省咸阳市高考检测）I learned that only a year before, a new degree called Modern Languages and their Literatures, which included Chinese among three other languages, _________ (establish) at the University of Granada.
13. had been established。考查动词时态和语态。句意：我了解到，就在一年前，格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位，名为“现代语言及其文学”，其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。分析句子可知，establish(设立)是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语(a) new degree之间是被动关系，结合句中“I learned that only a year before, ...”可知，动作发生在“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时态。综上，谓语动词应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
14. (2023辽宁省沈阳市二模)Did you predict that many students __________(sign) up for the dance competition?
14. would sign。predict暗示用将来时；同时主句是一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态。
微技能四：根据前后句特定语境判断谓语动词时态。
15.（2021北京卷）As it _________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
15. connects。考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。
16.（2023年江苏南京二模）This is the first time that China________ (host) the Winter Olympic Games.
16. has hosted。考查时态。句意：这是中国首次举办冬奥会。固定句式This is the first time that....表示“这是第一次……”，其中that引导的从句中要用现在完成时，从句主语为China，助动词用has。故填has hosted。
17.（2023年江苏常州二模）It was the ninth time that the team________ (win) the championship.
17. had won。考查固定句型。句意：这是该队第九次赢得冠军。it is/was the+序数词+time+that+句子，表示“第几次做……”，主句用is，从句用现在完成时；主句用was，从句用过去完成时，所以此处应用过去完成时，在that从句中主语the team和动词win是主动关系，故填had won。
18.（2023届山西省太原市高三一模）Among the selective courses_________(be) the restoration of small and micro wetlands .As for this course, what is needed is a lot of hands-on practice.
18. is。考查倒装句式。句意：其中一门选修课是小微湿地的恢复。分析句式结构可知，此处是倒装句式，主语the restoration是第三人称单数，且时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用is。故填is。
微技能五：根据主谓关系及标志词by判断谓语被动语态。
19.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
19. was built。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。
20.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
20. is considered。【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。
21.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
21. was painted。考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。
22.（2023届辽宁省沈阳市高三二模）To make this tea, the tea trees and fruit trees _________ (plant) together. The practice, passed down from ancestors, guarantees the tea’s fruity and sweet taste.
22. are planted。考查时态语态。句意：为了制作这种茶，茶树和果树一起种植。主语the tea trees and fruit trees与谓语plant构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are planted。
23. （2023届浙江省宁波市三模）In fact, the different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive can_________(find) among common people.
23. be found。考查被动语态。句意：事实上，川剧给人们带来的不同类型的人物和性格在普通人中都可以找到。根据空前的can可知，空格处应填入动词原形。主语the different kinds of characters and personalities 与动词find是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填be found。
24.（2023届河北省邯郸市高三一模）On September 3, 1967, nearly all the traffic _________ (block) on all roads from one o’clock to six o’clock in the morning.
24. was blocked。考查语态和时态。句意：1967年9月3日，从凌晨1点到6点，几乎所有道路上的交通都被堵塞了。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词block与主语之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，再根据时间状语On September 3, 1967可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was blocked。
25.（2023年吉林省长春市高三一模）Would you please keep silent? The weather report ________________ (broadcast)and I want to listen..
25. is being broadcast/broadcasted。结合前一句“Would you please keep silent?”，得知天气预报正在被播送；故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是is being broadcast/broadcasted。