简明解析以现在分词为宾补的20个动词

2025-01-25 04:42 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:6人

以现在分词作宾语补足语的现象是一种在英语中相对常见的结构。这种结构常见于以下情况:

感官动词: 感官动词(如see、hear、watch、notice、observe等)后面接宾语和现在分词,表示主语看到或听到某人或某物正在进行某个动作或状态。

例如:I saw him running in the park.(我看见他在公园里跑步。)

使役动词: 有些动词如keep、have、get等后面接宾语和现在分词,表示使某人或某物处于某个状态或持续做某事。

例如:She has her children cleaning their rooms every day.(她让她的孩子每天打扫他们的房间。)

以下为常见的以现在分词为宾补的20个动词:

1. bring sb. doing sth. 引起某人做某事

例句:The delicious smell of cookies baking brought the kids running into the kitchen.(烤饼干的香味引来了孩子们跑进了厨房。)

注:bring sb. to do sth. 短语也存在。bring sb. to do sth. 更侧重于某事引导/导致(某个动作发生);bring sb. doing sth.表示引导/导致某个动作已经发生。

2. catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事

例句:I caught my brother eating the cake I hid in the fridge.(我撞见我哥哥在吃我藏在冰箱里的蛋糕。)

3. discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事

例句:She discovered her daughter painting on the walls.(她发现她女儿正在墙上涂鸦。)

4. feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事

例句:He felt his heart pounding as he approached the edge of the cliff.(当他走近悬崖边时,他感到自己的心怦怦直跳。)

注:feel sb. do sth. 短语也存在。feel sb. do sth. 表示单一动作;feel sb. doing sth. 表示正在进行中的动作。

5. find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事

例句:I found my dog sleeping on the couch.(我发现我的狗睡在沙发上。)

注意与find sb. to do sth的区别(含义不同):

Find sb. to do sth 意思是找到某人做某事:

比如:I need to find someone to fix the leaky faucet.(我需要找人来修理漏水的水龙头。)

find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事。比如:

I found my brother playing the guitar.(我发现我哥哥在弹吉他。)

6. get sb. doing sth. 使得某人做某事

例句:She got her kids cleaning their rooms. (她使得孩子们清理房间。)

对比:get sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事

She got her kids cleaning their rooms. (她使得孩子们清理房间。)(表示引导”)

这句话强调的是她采取的行动或方式导致孩子们开始清理房间。这里的 got 暗示了某种方法或方式,可能是通过鼓励、提醒或其他方式引导孩子们去做清理房间的事情。

She got her kids to clean their rooms. (她让孩子们清理房间。)(表示命令”)

这句话暗示了她让孩子们去做某事,她要求他们去清理房间,可能是通过请求、命令、建议等方式让孩子们完成任务。

7. have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事

例句:She had her brother helping with the chores.(她让她哥哥帮忙做家务。)

对比:have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

She had her brother helping with the chores.” 这句话暗示她让她的兄弟在某段时间内一直在帮忙做家务,强调的是一个持续性的动作。而She had her brother help with the chores.” 这句话更倾向于表示某个具体的时间点或事件,她让兄弟帮忙做家务的行为发生了,但没有强调此行为的持续性。

8. hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事

例句:I heard my neighbor singing loudly last night.(昨晚我听到邻居在大声唱歌。)

对比:hear sb. do sth. 听见某人正在做某事

I heard my neighbor singing loudly last night. 这个句子暗示我听到了我的邻居在昨晚大声唱歌,这可能是一个持续的动作或正在进行的动作。

I heard my neighbor sing loudly last night. 这个句子更倾向于表达我昨晚听到邻居唱歌了,强调的是那个特定的瞬间或事件,而不一定意味着动作正在进行中或是持续性的。

9. keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事

例句:例句:She kept her son practicing the piano for an hour every day. (她让她儿子每天练习钢琴一个小时。)

注意:不存在keep sb. to do sth.这个用法。

10. listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人正在做某事

例句:She listened to her friend singing a beautiful song.(她听着她朋友唱了一首美妙的歌。)

对比:listen to sb. do sth. 听某人正在做某事

She listened to her friend singing a beautiful song.表示朋友正在唱一首美妙的歌曲时,她在听,强调了唱歌这个动作正在进行。

She listened to her friend sing a beautiful song.表示她听朋友演唱一首美妙的歌曲,没有强调动作正在进行。

11. look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事

例句:I looked at my brother dancing in the party.(我看着我哥哥在派对上跳舞。)

注意:不存在 look at sb. do sth. 这个短语

12. notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事

例句:He noticed his daughter drawing on the wall.(他注意到他女儿在墙上画画。)

注意:不存在 notice sb. do sth. 这个短语

13. observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事

例句:She observed her students deliver outstanding speeches.(她观察到她的学生们做了精彩的演讲。)

比较:observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事:

She observed her students deliver outstanding speeches. 表示她观察到学生们在做演讲,即演讲的这个动作,而不强调演讲这个正在进行的动作。

She observed her students deliver outstanding speeches. 表示她观察到学生们在进行演讲的过程中,强调的是演讲这个正在进行的动作。

14. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事

例句:I saw my sister running in the park.(我看到我妹妹在公园跑步。)

比较:see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事

I saw my sister running in the park. 我看到了我的姐姐正在公园里正在跑步。

I saw my sister run in the park. 我看到了我的姐姐在公园里跑步。

没有强调动作正在进行。强调看到我的姐姐在公园里跑步这件事。

15. send sb. doing sth. 派某人去正在做某事

例句:He sent his friend searching for the missing keys.(他派他的朋友去找丢失的钥匙。)

比较:send sb. doing sth. 派某人去做某事

He sent his friend to search for the missing keys”表示他派遣朋友去寻找丢失的钥匙,这里强调的是被派遣去做一项任务。

He sent his friend searching for the missing keys”中的sent ... searching for”表示派遣朋友去寻找丢失的钥匙,朋友正在进行搜寻。这个句子更强调的是在执行任务的过程中的状态。

16. set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事

例句:The loud noise set the baby crying.(巨大的噪音让婴儿哭了起来。)

注意:不存在set sb. to do sth.这个用法。

17. start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事

例句:The music started everyone dancing at the party.(音乐让每个人在派对上跳舞起来。)

注意:不存在start sb. to do sth.这种用法。

18. watch sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事

例句:She watched her husband cooking dinner in the kitchen.(她看着她丈夫在厨房做晚餐。)

比较:watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事

She watched her husband cook dinner in the kitchen. 表示她观看丈夫在厨房做晚餐的,仅为陈述观看一个动作,不强调动作的正在进行。

She watched her husband cooking dinner in the kitchen. 表示她观看丈夫正在进行做晚餐的行为,强调动作正在进行。

19. prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs.

他说这将使公司无法创造新的工作机会。

We hope to prevent anything unpleasant from happening.

我们希望防止任何不愉快的事发生。

Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing

进一步的治疗将阻止癌症恶化。

The rain prevented them from eating outdoors.

雨天使他们无法户外用餐。

The drug prevents the virus from replicating itself.

这种药能防止病毒复制。

This can prevent air from flowing freely to the lungs.

这可以防止空气任意流入肺部。

Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.

什么都不能阻止他鸣不平。

Nothing would prevent him/his speaking out against injustice.

什么也阻挡不了他为不平之事鸣冤叫屈。

20. stop sb. (from)doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

You must stop the press from finding out at all costs.

你必须不惜一切代价阻止媒体查明真相。

What is being done to stop employers from exploiting young people?

目前有什么措施制止雇主剥削年轻人呢?

You can't stop people from saying what they think.

人们怎么想就会怎么说,你阻止不了。

You can't stop people saying what they think.

人们怎么想就会怎么说,你阻止不了。

注意:

stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情

Stop to do sth停下正在做的某事去做另外一件事

She stopped reading and closed the book .

她停止阅读,合上了书。

Please stop crying and tell me what's wrong.

快别哭了,告诉我出了什么事。

I stopped to read the notices on the bulletin board .

我停下来去读布告栏上的通知。

She doesn't stop to think about what she's saying

她都没有停下来想一想自己在说些什么。

People just don't stop to think about the consequences.

人们做事情就是不肯停下来想想后果。

We had to stop to fix a flat.

我们不得不停车修一下撒了气的轮胎。

Whoever passes here would stop to admire the scenery.

但凡过路的人,都要停下一览这儿的风光。

Never stop to ask how long it will take to learn it.

永远不要停下来问需要多长时间才能学会。

Though they were very tired, they didn't stop to have a rest.

虽然很累,但他们没有停下来休息。

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