高考英语里宾语从句可是必考语法点,不懂它可不行!想知道宾语从句有啥常见形式,啥时候that从句不能用,还有否定转移咋回事吗?快跟我一起学,包你轻松掌握!
先说说宾语从句常见形式。作动词宾语时,有几种情况。一种是由that引导,that很多时候能省略,比如“I heard that he joined the army.” ,也就是“我听说他参军了” 。
还有由what、whether(if)引导的,像“She did not know what had happened.” ,意思是“她不知道发生了啥” ;“I wonder whether you can change this note for me” ,就是“我想知道你能不能帮我改下笔记” 。
另外还有“动词+间接宾语+宾语从句” ,比如“She told me that she would accept my invitation.” ,即“她跟我说会接受我的邀请” 。
作介词宾语呢,举个例子,“Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.” ,意思是我们的成功得看大家合作咋样。作形容词宾语也不少见,像“I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.” ,就是“我恐怕犯错了” 。
注意哈,that引导的从句常跟在anxious、aware这些形容词后面作宾语,有时候也能看成原因状语从句呢。还有哦,it能当形式宾语,真正的that从句在句尾,比如“We heard it that she would get married next month.” ,就是“我听说她下个月要结婚了” 。
再讲讲that从句不能用的情况。有些动词不能直接跟that从句,像allow、refuse这些,它们后面可以接不定式或者动名词,比如“I admire their winning the match.” ,但不能说“I admire that they won the match.” 。
还有些动词不能用在“动词+间接宾语+that从句” 结构里,像envy、order 等,正确的是“He impressed the manager as an honest man.” ,而不是“He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.” 。
最后,宾语从句还有否定转移。要是主句谓语动词是think、consider这些,宾语从句有否定意思,通常把否定词挪到主句谓语上,从句用肯定式,比如“I don’t think this dress fits you well.” ,就是“我觉得这衣服你穿不合适” 。