特殊疑问词分为两类,疑问代词5个:What, Which, Who, Whose, Whom,疑问副词4个:When, Where, Why, How。
一、Who/Whom/Whose之特殊疑问句
注解:who意为“谁”,询问人(做主语);whom意为“谁”,询问人(作宾语);whose意为“谁的”,询问物体的所属。
◆ Who are you? 你是谁?I am Mary. 我是玛丽。
◆ Whom are you talking about? 你们在谈论谁?Jim and his brothers. 吉姆和他的哥哥们。
◆ Whose bike is this? 这辆自行车是谁的?It’s mine. 它是我的。
二、Which之特殊疑问句
注解:which意为“哪一,哪一个”,问一定范围内特指的人或物。
◆ Which box is yours? 哪个盒子是你的?The blue one. 蓝色的那个。
◆ Which book do you like best? 你最喜欢哪本书?The Little Prince.《小王子》。
◆ Which country do you come from? 你来自哪个国家?China. 中国。
三、When之特殊疑问句
注解:when意为“什么时候/何时”,询问时间。
◆ When do you come back? 你什么时候回来?Maybe tomorrow 也许明天。
◆ When is your birthday? 你什么时候生日?May 13 is my birthday. 五月十三号是我的生日。
◆ When do you get up every day? 你每天什么时候起床?At 7:00 a.m. 早上七点。
四、Where之特殊疑问句
注解:where意为“哪里,在哪里”,询问地点。
◆ Where will you spend the summer holiday? 你会去哪里过暑假?I'm going to Hawaii. 我将要去夏威夷。
◆ Where is your coat? 你的外套在哪啊?It’s on the sofa. 在沙发上。
五、Why之特殊疑问句
注解:why意为“为什么”,询问原因,回答从句一般由because引导。
◆ Why isn’t he at school today? 他今天为什么不在学校?Because he is ill. 因为他生病了。
◆ Why are you so busy? 你为什么总是这么忙?Because I have to make money. 因为我得挣钱。
六、How之特殊疑问句
注解:how意为“怎么,怎么样”,询问健康状况、程度以及做事的方式等,可以和形容词一起用构成具有具体含义的特殊疑问句。
1、问候方式
◆ How do you do? 你好吗?(初次见面用语)
◆ How are you? 你好吗?(熟人间问候语)
◆ How is your father? 你父亲好吗?(询问他人情况)
2、询问看法
How do you like the maths teacher? 你觉得数学老师怎么样?He is so warm-hearted. 他很热心。
3、询问感觉
How do you feel? = How is your feeling? 你感觉如何?I feel happy. 我觉得很开心。
4、询问年龄
How old are you? 你多大了?I'm ten. 我十岁。
5、询问方式
◆ How do your sister go to school? 你姐姐是怎么去上学的?She usually go to school by bike. 她通常骑自行车去上学。
◆ How can I get to the cinema? 我怎么去电影院?You can get there by bus. 你可以坐公交车去。
6、询问意见
How about going out for a walk? 出去走走怎么样?That sounds good! 听起来不错。
注:How about句型有时也可切换为What about,区别在于How about后面通常跟动词现在分词,What about后面通常跟名词。如:
What about another cake? 再来一块蛋糕怎么样?No, thanks. 不用了,谢谢。
7、询问多少
◆ How many books are there in the library? 图书馆里多少本书?There are thousands of books. 有成千上万的书。
◆ How much money do you have? 你有多少钱?Only 5 dollars. 只有五美元。
8、询问价格
◆ How much are the apples? 这些苹果多少钱?Nine dollars. 九美元。
◆ How much is the car? 这辆车多少钱?About $20, 000. 大约两万美元。
9、询问距离
◆ How far is it from here to your school? 从这儿到你学校有多远?It's about ten minutes' walk. 大约十分钟步行的路程。
◆ How far is it from here to the zoo? 从这儿到公园有多远?It is only a five-minute ride. 只要五分钟路程。
10、询问长度
◆ How long is it? 它有多长?I really don’t know. 我真地不知道。
◆ How long is the river? 这条河有多长?About 500 km. 大约500千米。
11、询问次数
◆ How many times did he call you yesterday? Twice. 他昨天给你打了几次电话?两次。
◆ How many times do you read English everyday? 你每天读多少次英语?Once or twice. 一次或两次。
12、询问频率(多久一次)
◆ How often do you have a sports class? 你每多久上一次体育课?Twice a week. 一周一次。
◆ How often do you visit your mother? 你多久看你母亲一次?Once a month. 每月一次。
13、询问时长(多久或多快)
A. 对for+时间段提问,表示多久,疑问词一般用How long。
◆ How long will you stay there? 你将在那儿呆多久?About two weeks. 大约两个星期。
◆ How long does it take to get to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多久?At least ten hours. 至少要10个小时。
B. 对in+时间段提问,表示多快,疑问词一般用How soon。
◆ How soon will you come back? 你过多久回来?In an hour. 1小时以后。
◆ How soon shall we know the results? 我们多久能知道结果?I don’t know. 我不知道。